LGBT Direct Action Bibliography, Chronology, and Inventory, 1965-74 – Marc Stein – October 2023

B = businesses

E = electoral politics, including politicians, public officials, and political parties

G = gay-ins and other LGBT gatherings

I = military, militarism, war

J = jails and prisons

M = media (newspapers, magazines, film, radio, television), arts, and culture

N = national, state, and local government policies and buildings, including courts

O = police

P = pride events, marches, parades, and protests

Q = LGBT targets, including organizations and businesses

R = religion, religious institutions, and religious policies

S = science, medicine, psychology, and psychiatry

U = universities, colleges, schools, and educational institutions

X = miscellaneous

1971

14-15 January 1971: Chicago Gay Liberation, Chicago Gay Alliance, and University of Chicago Gay Liberation zap of David Reuben to protest antigay content in Everything You Always Wanted to Know About Sex at WLS-TV (3 participants). Primary sources: “Reuben TV Appearance Turns into ‘Gay-for-all,” The Advocate, 17 Feb. 1971, 5; “The Changing View of Homosexuality,” New York Times, 28 Feb. 1971, 47; William B. Kelley, “Gays Protest Reuben ‘Book,’” Mattachine Midwest Newsletter, Feb. 1971, 1, 18; “Gays Protest Reuben Book on Miller TV Show,” Chicago Gay Alliance Newsletter, Feb. 1971, 11-12; William B. Kelly, “‘Dr.’ Reuben Zapped on Chicago TV,” GAY, 1 Mar. 1971, 3, 12; “Reuben, Reuben…” The Advocate, 24 Nov. 1971, 1. [M] [M] [S] [S]

15, 16, and 23 January 1971: GLF-DC demonstrations against anti-black, anti-trans, and anti-woman discrimination at Plus One (24 participants). Primary sources: Nancy Tucker, “Plus One Gets Zapped,” The Advocate, 17 Feb. 1971, 9; “Plus One Picket,” Gay Sunshine, Feb. 1971, 10; Tony Jackubosky, “Gay Bar Charged with Black/Female Bias,” GAY, 1 Mar. 1971, 12; “Progress Noted in D.C. Bar Talks,” The Advocate, 3 Mar. 1971, 5. [B] [B] [B] [Q] [Q] [Q]

18 January 1971: GAA-NY demonstration against antigay discrimination at Fidelifacts (65 participants). Primary sources: “Sex Snooping Brings Protest,” Los Angeles Advocate, 22 July 1970, 2; “Gay Power News: New York,” Gay Power (1.20), c. July 1970, 3, 12; Peter Fisher, “Fidelifacts: Sex-Snooping Agency Draws Gay Fire,” GAY, 15 Feb. 1971, 1, 3; “Snooper’s Office Invaded: Quack, Who’s a Duck?” The Advocate, 17 Feb. 1971, 1, 2; “Fidelifacts Pres. Charged with Bribes,” GAY, 1 Mar. 1971, 12; Ernest Peter Cohen, “475: A Gay Odyssey,” Gay Activist, Mar. 1972, 3, 8, 10, 21, 22. [B]

23 January 1971: GLF-LA demonstration against police harassment and violence at Hollywood police station (175-275 participants). Primary sources: “GLF Rally, March Jan. 23,” The Advocate, 3 Feb. 1971, 1; “Police Probe Hassle at Tradesman,” The Advocate, 3 Feb. 1971, 1, 11; ‘“I Couldn’t Believe What I Was Seeing,’” The Advocate, 3 Feb. 1971, 1, 10; Hollywood Police Station Target of L.A. March,” The Advocate, 17 Feb. 1971, 1, 3; “L.A. Picket,” Gay Sunshine, Feb. 1971, 11; Jay Laurence, “Bush Queens Are A Peculiar Lot,” The Advocate, 3 Mar. 1971, 8; “GLF Gives LAPD A Lift,” The Advocate, 31 Mar. 1971, 4. [O]

23 January 1971: First in a series of GLF-New Orleans demonstrations at City Hall (75 participants). Primary sources: “New Orleans Mayor Sees Irate Gays,” The Advocate, 17 Feb. 1971, 1, 12; “New Orleans Chief Denies Entrapment,” The Advocate, 3 Mar. 1971, 2. [N] [N] [N] [N] [N] [N]

25 January 1971: GAA-NY demonstration against employment discrimination by New York City Board of Education at New York County Lawyers’ Association building and Board of Education building (40 participants). Primary sources: Pete Fisher, “‘Gay School Teachers Are Not Child Molesters!” GAY, 1 Mar. 1971, 1, 3. [U] [N]

6 February 1971: GLF-New Orleans held gay-in at City Park (100 participants). Primary sources: “New Orleans Chief Denies Entrapment,” The Advocate, 3 Mar. 1971, 2. [G]

14 February 1971: MCC and Kameny for Congress demonstration at St. Stephen’s Episcopal Church in DC (50 participants). Primary sources: “Service Held on Church Steps,” The Advocate, 17 Mar. 1971, 5. [R] [E]

28 February 1971: GLF-Berkeley and GLF-SF demonstration at the Stud in San Francisco (30 participants). Primary sources: “GLF Action at the Stud,” Gay Sunshine, Feb. 1971, 2. [B] [Q]

28 February 1971: STAR, GLF-NY, Jewish Gay Liberation, and Gay Community Prisoner Defense Committee demonstration at Men’s House of Detention and Women’s House of Detention (50 participants). Primary sources: “Support Lesbian, Transvestite, and Gay Inmates,” Gay Flames, 12 Feb. 1971, 1, 6; “FBI to Probe Death of Gay in N.Y. City Jail,” The Advocate, 17 Mar. 1971, 2; “Dead Prisoner’s Case Still Brewing,” GAY, 29 Mar. 1971, 12; “Gays Protest Brutality in N.Y.C. Prisons,” The Advocate, 14 Apr. 1971, 20. [J]

February 1971: Gay Switchboard and Gay Seminarians zap at Earl Lectures and Pastoral Conference in Berkeley (3 participants): Primary sources: Nick Benton, “Gay Lib Seminar for the God Frauds,” Berkeley Barb, 19 Feb. 1971, 13. [R]

3 March 1971: Rally for dismissed gay professor at California State University, Hayward (150 participants). Primary sources: Winston Leyland, “Gay Defense Rally at Hayward State,” Gay Sunshine, Feb. 1971, 3; Michael Silverstein, “Hayward State Rally Speech,” Gay Sunshine, Feb. 1971, 3. [U]

7 March 1971: GLF-LA demonstration and march against police harassment and violence at Ramparts Division station (45 participants). Primary sources: “Watch Out LAPD, GLF Is Going to ‘Magick’ You,” The Advocate, 3 Mar. 1971, 6; “GLF Gives LAPD A Lift,” The Advocate, 31 Mar. 1971, 4. [O]

14 March 1971: Tri-Cities GLF and other LGBT groups march on New York State Capitol in Albany (1000-3000 participants). Primary sources: N.Y. Leaders Testify at Assembly Hearings on Gays’ Problems,” Advocate, 3 Feb. 1971, 4; “Gay Rights March Planned on New York State Capitol,” The Advocate, 17 Mar. 1971, 2; “Marching on Albany,” Mattachine Times, Mar. 1971, 3-4, 7, 14; Peter Fisher, “3,000 March on N.Y. State Capitol,” GAY, 12 Apr. 1971, 1, 3, 8;  Breck Ardery, John Francis Hunter, and Joe Murray, “At Least 2500 March on N.Y. State Capitol,” The Advocate, 14 Apr. 1971, 1, 3; “Gays March on Albany,” Gay Activist, Apr. 1971, 1, 8; “TV’s and Queens March on Albany: Seek Statute to Legalize Crossdressing!” Drag (1.3), c. Apr. 1971, 30; “Car Hits Albany Leader in Landlord Picketing,” The Advocate, 12 May 1971, 9; Ernest Peter Cohen, “475: A Gay Odyssey,” Gay Activist, Mar. 1972, 3, 8, 10, 21, 22. [N]

15 March 1971: Gay Liberation Fellows demonstration at WIBG in Philadelphia. Primary sources: “Philly Disk Jockey Zapped When Remarks Rile Gays,” The Advocate, 28 Apr. 1971, 4; “Zap!” People’s Gay Sunshine, c. 1971, 8, 18. [M]

19 March 1971: Gay participation in antiwar rally in Chicago. Primary sources: “Gay Contingent for Washington Anti-War March,” Chicago Gay Alliance Newsletter, Mar. 1971, 7. [I]

22 March 1971: DOB-NY demonstration at St. Patrick’s Cathedral (22 participants). Primary sources: “DOB Pickets St. Patrick’s,” The Advocate, 28 Apr. 1971, 9. [R]

28 March 1971: Homophile Action League and Philadelphia Christian Homophile Church demonstration at Bible Presbyterian Church in Collingswood, NJ (18 participants). Primary sources: “Homosexual Group Pickets Dr. McIntire at Church,” Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, 29 Mar. 1971; “Philadelphia Pickets Confont Rev. McIntire,” The Advocate, 28 Apr. 1971, 3. [R]

March 1971: STAR demonstration against anti-trans employment discrimination at New York University. Primary sources: “T.V. Guide,” Gay Sunshine, Feb. 1971, 6. [U]

March 1971: Lesbian Feminists held “touch-in” at Los Angeles folk music club to protest policy against same-sex touching (20 participants). Primary sources: “Lesbian Feminists Hold ‘Touch-In’ at L.A. Club,” Los Angeles Free Press, 2 Apr. 1971, 17. [B]

7 April 1971: GLF-LA and Gay Revanchists demonstration at Los Angeles Times and Century City Medical Plaza (15 participants). Primary sources: “Report on Study Triggers Demonstrations in L.A.,” The Advocate, 28 Apr. 1971, 2. [M] [S]

10 April 1971: DOB-NY zap of The Bandy Show (10 participants). Primary sources: Randolfe Wicker, “The Wicker Basket,” GAY, 24 May 1971, 4; “DOB Zaps Bandy Show and Gets Zapped by N.Y. Post,” Daughters of Bilitis New York Newsletter, May 1971, 6-8. [M]

10 April 1971: GLF-LA Gay-In at Griffith Park. Primary sources: “4^th Gay-In in Park Set by GLF/LA,” The Advocate, 14 Apr. 1971, 5. [G]

10 April 1971: Gay Sisters and Gay Liberation Front of Madison dance-in at bar on State Street (9 participants). Primary sources: Ron McRea, “Gay Lib Effort Climaxed by Scuffles on State St.,” Capital Times, 10 Apr. 1971, 1, 2. [B]

13 April 1971: GAA-NY demonstration and sit-in to protest employment discrimination at New York City Board of Education (50-60 participants, 5 arrests). Primary sources: Arthur Bell, “The ‘Bedroom Busybodies’ Meet Alias Richie X,” Village Voice, 22 Apr. 1971, 36, 38; John Francis Hunter, “Gays Busted at N.Y. School Board Sit-In,” The Advocate, 12 May 1971, 3, 14; Richard C. Wandel, “5 Arrested in Gay Teacher Dispute,” GAY, 24 May 1971, 1; “5 Arrested in GAA Zap,” Gay Activist, May 1971, 1, 14; “Charges Dropped Against Board of Ed. Sit-Ins,” GAY, 21 June 1971, 13; “N.Y. GAA Wins in Court,” The Advocate, 23 June 1971, 13; “Legal Collective,” Daughters of Bilitis New York Newsletter, June 1971. [N] [U]

24 April 1971: LGBT participation in antiwar march in San Francisco (3000 participants). Primary sources: Doug Beardslee and Jim Kepner, “Thousands Protest War: Gay Lib Marches in S.F.,” The Advocate, 26 May 1971, 1, 6; William Dale Jennings, letter to the editor, The Advocate, 23 June 1971, 23; Mark Turner and Al Crofts, “Gays Against War,” Gay Sunshine, June 1971, 5; Winston Leyland, “In the Evening,” Gay Sunshine, June 1971, 5. [I]

24 April – 4 May 1971: LGBT participation in antiwar demonstrations in DC (500 participants). Primary sources: Gay May Day Tribe,” Berkeley Tribe, 19 Mar. 1971, 11; “Gay Contingent for Washington Anti-War March,” Chicago Gay Alliance Newsletter, Mar. 1971, 7; Martha Shelley, “Washington April 24,” Come Out!, Spring 1971, 18; “Gays for Peace,” Berkeley Barb, 16 Apr. 1971, 4; “Gay Group,” Berkeley Barb, 23 Apr. 1971, 2, 13; Martin Arnold, “War Goes March in the Rain Here,” New York Times, 23 Apr. 1972, 1, 54; Martha Shelley, “Washington: April 24,” Rat, 3 May 1971, 21; Pete Fisher, “500 Homosexuals March for Peace,” GAY, 24 May 1971, 1, 3, 8; Dave L. Aiken, “Thousands Protest War: Activists Turn Out in D.C.,” The Advocate, 26 May 1971, 1, 7; Doug Beardslee and Jim Kepner, “Thousands Protest War: Gay Lib Marches in S.F.,” The Advocate, 26 May 1971, 1, 6; “Peace & Goodwill?” Gay Activist, May 1971, 5; “Gay May Day,” Fag Rag, June 1971, 9; William Dale Jennings, letter to the editor, The Advocate, 23 June 1971, 23. [I] [I] [I] [I] [I] [I] [I] [I] [I] [I] [I]

1 May 1971: GLF-LA “Scream In” at Primal Institute (40 participants). Primary sources: “Gays vs. Shrinks,” Los Angeles Free Press, 30 Apr. 1971, 6; “40 Stage ‘Scream-In’ at Primal Therapy Clinic,” The Advocate, 26 May 1971, 3. [S]

1 May 1971: Chicago Gay Alliance march from the University of Chicago to Washington Park to protest the prison system in Chicago. Primary sources: “May Day March to Free Gay Prisoners,” Chicago Gay Alliance Newsletter, Apr. 1971, 3. [J] [U]

3 May 1971: GAA and GLF protest at American Psychiatric Association convention in DC (20 participants). Primary sources: “Gay Raiders Seize Stage at D.C. Psychiatric Meet,” The Advocate, 26 May 1971, 3; Erik Larsson, “Psychiatrists Zapped Again,” GAY, 21 June 1971, 10; Franklin Kameny, “Wrong GAA,” The Advocate, 23 June 1971, 23; Don Jackson, “Kill the Queers!” Gay Sunshine, Aug. 1971, 11-12; “APA: A Delayed Report,” The Advocate, 24 Nov. 1971, 12. [S]

16 May 1971: Gay Liberation Front-Rochester Gay-In at Genesee Valley Park (300 participants). Primary sources: “Gay-In,” Empty Closet, 15 June 1971, 3. [G]

28 May 1971: GAA-NY zap at Clancy’s Bar (75 participants). Primary sources: Randy Wicker, “Bar Zap Turns into Cocktail Party,” GAY, 5 July 1971, 3, 13; Phil Katz, “A Natural Up,” Gay Activist, Oct. 1971, 5. [B]

4 June 1971: GAA-NY zap against marriage discrimination at City Clerk’s Office (35 participants). Primary sources: “‘I Do’ Rites Stir Hassle in New York,” The Advocate, 12 May 1971, 2; “N.Y.C. Clerk Pussyfoots on Legal Threat,” The Advocate, 26 May 1971, 3; Pete Fisher, “Gay Couples Celebrate Engagement at Marriage License Bureau,” GAY, 5 July 1971, 1, 14. [N]

7 June 1971: SIR and GAA-SF “work-in” protest at the Federal Building (20-40 participants, 2 arrests). Primary sources: “Homosexuals Plan ‘Work-in’ for U.S. Jobs,” San Francisco Examiner, 6 June 1971, 20; “Homosexual Protest on Job Policy,” San Francisco Chronicle, 8 June 1971, 17; “Work-In Bust,” Berkeley Barb, 11 June 1971, 2; “Federal Building ‘Work-In’ Protests U.S. Hiring Policy,” The Advocate, 7 July 1971, 4. [N]

12 June 1971: Gay Community Alliance demonstrations at the Society for Cultural Relations, the Progressive Book Store, and the American Opinion Library & Book Store in Los Angeles. Primary sources: “New L.A. Group Aims Protest at Right, Left,” The Advocate, 7 July 1971, 3, 8. [B]

12 June 1971: LGBT participation in Welfare Action Coordinating Committee demonstration at Los Angeles County-University of Southern California Medical Center. Primary sources: “Welfare Activists Back Gay Make-Work Protest,” The Advocate, 7 July 1971, 6. [N] [S] [U]

20 June 1971: Gay pride march in Bridgeport, CT (80-500 participants). Primary sources: “Connecticut Rally to Aim Protest at Federal Laws,” The Advocate, 23 June 1971, 11; “Connecticut Gays Fight Slurs,” The Advocate, 21 July 1971, 9; “Homosexual Protest,” Washington Post, 1 Aug. 1971, A7; “Angry Mob Attacks Festive Gays; Woman Badly Beaten,” GAY, 30 Aug. 1971, 1; “Straights Harass Bridgeport Gays,” Gay Activist, Aug. 1971, 1-2; David Doyle, “Kalos Group Hits Back at Hostility,” The Advocate, 1 Sept. 1971, 1, 3. [P]

18 June 1971: LGBT rally in San Francisco’s Union Square (300 participants). Primary sources: “Gaylibirthday,” Berkeley Barb, 25 June 1971, 6. [P]

19-25 June 1971: Committee for Sexual Law Reform march for gay rights from San Francisco to Sacramento, followed by rally at the State Capitol in Sacramento (200 participants). Primary sources: “Perry Plans S.F.-Sacramento March in June,” The Advocate, 3 Feb. 1971, 3, 11; “Plans Jell for June 19 March to Sacramento,” The Advocate, 9 June 1971, 2; “Gaylibirthday,” Berkeley Barb, 25 June 1971, 6; “March to Sacramento: A Gay Rally at Capitol,” San Francisco Chronicle, 26 June 1971, 6; “Long March for Gay Pride,” Berkeley Barb, 2 July 1971, 7; “Sacramento Plans Revised,” The Advocate, 7 July 1971, 26; “Work Harder for Reform, Solons Urge,” The Advocate, 21 July 1971, 12, 15; Leo Laurence, “The Long March: Rigor vs. Rights,” The Advocate, 21 July 1971, 13, 14; “Thousands Demonstrate During Gay Pride Week,” Mother, July 1971, 1, 5; “Gay Pride Week,” Mattachine Times, July 1971, 1; Jim Kepner, “Angles on the News,” The Advocate, 4 Aug. 1971, 8; “The Sacramento March,” Vector, Aug. 1971, 39-40, 45; Douglas L. Brown, “The Long March,” Gay Sunshine, Aug. 1971, 5; George Mendenhall, “A Long March,” The Advocate, 21 May 1975, 11. [N] [P] [P] [P] [P] [P] [P]

20 June 1971: Gay Fellowship “Gay Happening” in Griffith Park (600 participants). Primary source: “L.A. Fellowship Comes Out,” The Advocate, 21 July 1971, 10. [G] [P]

21-25 June 1971: GAA-NY, DOB-NY, and RL-NY demonstrations at City Hall. Primary sources (350 participants, 9 arrests): “Gay Pride Week,” Come Out, Spring 1971, 13; “Gay Week Kicks Off in Fun City,” New York Post, 21 June 1971; “Gay Pride Week,” Gay Activist, June 1971, 1, 8; “New York Gay Pride Week Calendar,” GAY, 5 July 1971, 7; Pete Fisher, “Activists Arrested at City Hall,” GAY, 2 Aug. 1971, 1, 3, 11; Peter Hadley, “City Councilman Addresses A Candlelight Rally,” GAY, 2 Aug. 1971, 11, 18; Richard Wandel, “9 GAA Demonstrators Aquitted,” GAY, 11 Oct. 1971, 6; Ernest Peter Cohen, “475: A Gay Odyssey,” Gay Activist, Mar. 1972, 3, 8, 10, 21, 22. [N] [N] [N] [N] [N] [P] [P] [P] [P] [P]

22 June 1971: Bay Area Gay Alliance staged a “Gay Pride Job Hunt,” with stops at the Mark Hopkins Hotel, the Bank of America, and the California Civil Service office in San Francisco (18 participants). Primary sources: “Gay Jobs,” Berkeley Tribe, 19 June 1971, 15; “Gaylibirthday,” Berkeley Barb, 25 June 1971, 6. [B] [N] [P]

23 June 1971: Demonstration against NYC YMCAs. Primary sources: “Gay Pride Week,” Come Out, Spring 1971, 13; “New York Gay Pride Week Calendar,” GAY, 5 July 1971, 7. [P] [R]

25 June 1971: LGBT rally and kiss-in at Federal Building in Chicago. Primary sources: Bob Stanley, “Gay and Proud in Chicago,” Mattachine Midwest Newsletter, June 1971, 1, 2; “Public Affection for Straights Only?” Chicago Gay Pride, June 1971, 4; “Chinn and Cantrell Acquitted,” Chicago Gay Alliance Newsletter, July 1971, 3; “Chicago Gay Trial Dropped,” The Advocate, 18 Aug. 1971, 4. [N] [P]

26 June 1971: Gay pride march in Boston (150 participants). Primary sources: “March, Speeches Mark Gay Pride Week,” Boston Globe, 27 June 1971, 20; John Mitzel, “Gay Pride ’71: Boston,” The Advocate, 21 July 1971, 1, 6; “Thousands Demonstrate During Gay Pride Week,” Mother, July 1971, 1, 5; ; “Gay Liberation Day March,” Gay Scene (2.3), Aug. 1971, 3, 6; “Gay Pride Week ’71,” Fag Rag, Fall 1971, 20. [P]

26 June 1971: Gay pride march and rally in San Jose (100 participants). Primary sources: “GLF Letter,” Berkeley Tribe, 28 May 1971, 17; “March Set in San Jose,” The Advocate, 23 June 1971, 3; “Gaylibirthday,” Berkeley Barb, 25 June 1971, 6; “Gay Pride ’71: San Jose,” The Advocate, 21 July 1971, 1, 26; “Thousands Demonstrate During Gay Pride Week,” Mother, July 1971, 1, 5. [P]

27 June 1971: Christopher Street Liberation Day march from Greenwich Village to Central Park in New York (5000-10,000 participants). Primary sources: “New Yorkers Predict 50,000 in June 27 Fete,” The Advocate, 3 Feb. 1971, 2; “Gay Pride Week,” Come Out, Spring 1971, 13; “Gay Pride Week,” Gay Activist, May 1971, 3; Merle Miller, “Homosexual Revolution,” Washington Post, 2 June 1971, B1, B6; “Great Day Coming!” The Advocate, 9 June 1971, 24; “Liberation Day Set for Homosexuals,” Amsterdam News, 19 June 1971, 4; “Gay Week Kicks Off in Fun City,” New York Post, 21 June 1971; “Mass March for New York,” The Advocate, 23 June 1971, 3; Joseph Lelyveld, “Militant Homosexuals to Stage March to Central Park Today,” New York Times, 27 June 1971, 30; Merle Miller, “The Challenge Began at Stonewall Inn,” San Francisco Examiner, 27 June 1971, 39; Paul Montgomery, “5,000 Homosexuals March to Central Park for a Rally,” New York Times, 28 June 1971, 23; “Gamboling Gays’ New York Parade,” San Francisco Chronicle, 28 June 1971, 7; “The Gays Go On A March,” New York Post, 28 June 1971, 13; “Liberation Day March,” Gay Scene, June 1971, 2; “Gay Pride Week,” Mattachine Times, June 1971, 12; “Gay Pride Week,” Gay Activist, June 1971, 1, 8; Peter Ogren, “The Sources of Gay Pride,” GAY, 5 July 1971, 6; Peter Hadley, “Gay Pride Week Opens,” GAY, 5 July 1971, 1; “New York Gay Pride Week Calendar,” GAY, 5 July 1971, 7; Bruce King, “Gays March,” Gay Scene (2.2), c. July 1971, 2; “6,000 Turn Out for Gay Pride,” Daughters of Bilitis New York Newsletter, July 1971, 1-2; “Thousands Demonstrate during Gay Pride Week,” Mother, July 1971, 1, 5; “Gay Pride Week,” Mattachine Times, July 1971, 1; Breck Ardery, “Gay Pride ’71: New York,” The Advocate, 21 July 1971, 1, 3, 8; “Are You in This Picture?” GAY, 2 Aug. 1971, 1; Thane Hampten, “Oh Happy Day! June 27,1971,” GAY, 2 Aug. 1971, 6-10; “Second Birthday March,” Gay Activist, Aug. 1971, 3; Editorial, Gay Activist, Aug. 1971, 5; “Gay Liberation Day March,” Gay Scene (2.3), Aug. 1971, 3, 6; “Target Date,” Queen’s Quarterly, Aug. 1971, 5, 36; Hildegarde Weiss, “N.Y. Gay Day,” Gay Liberator, Sept. 1971, 1; Craig Rodwell, “Gay and Free,” Queen’s Quarterly, Nov. 1971, 22-27. [P]

27 June 1971: Christopher Street West march in Los Angeles (2000 participants). Primary sources: “Christopher Street West Parade Permit Approved,” The Advocate, 31 Mar. 1971, 1, 11; “Dinner Will Boost Parade,” The Advocate, 28 Apr. 1971, 6; “CSW: ‘Unity in Diversity,’” The Advocate, 9 June 1971, 2; “Great Day Coming!” The Advocate, 9 June 1971, 24; “Gay Pride Week,” Los Angeles Free Press, 18 June 1971, 2; “CSW Parade Support Urged,” The Advocate, 23 June 1971, 3; Bill Lane, “People, Places, ‘n’ Situwayshuns,” Los Angeles Sentinel, 1 July 1971, B3; Mother Jackson, “Free the Caterpillar!,” Berkeley Barb, 2 July 1971, 9; “LA Gay Parley,” Berkeley Barb, 2 July 1971, 5; Pat Kelly, “Regional Meet Draws 350 Gay Lib Women,” The Advocate, 21 July 1971, 16; “The New ‘Penology,’” The Advocate, 21 July 1971, 24; Pete Craig, “Sideliners Eager to Look, Not to Buy,” The Advocate, 21 July 1971, 4; “Gay Pride ’71: Hollywood,” The Advocate, 21 July 1971, 1, 4; “Long, Well-Rounded Entry Clouds Parade Aftermath,” The Advocate, 21 July 1971, 4; “Thousands Demonstrate during Gay Pride Week,” Mother, July 1971, 1, 5; “Gay Pride Week,” Mattachine Times, July 1971, 1; Jim Kepner, “Angles on the News,” The Advocate, 4 Aug. 1971, 8; Chuck Avery, “The Gay Parade: L.A.,” Gay Sunshine, Aug. 1971, 6; “Gay Liberation Day March,” Gay Scene (2.3), Aug. 1971, 3, 6; “Target Date,” Queen’s Quarterly, Aug. 1971, 5, 36; Sharon, “LA Weekend,” Sisters, Aug. 1971, 15-16; Karen Wells, “Opinion,” Sisters, Aug. 1971, 20-22. [P]

27 June 1971: Gay pride parade in Chicago (1200 participants). Primary sources: “Gay Pride Week: June 19-27,” Chicago Gay Alliance Newsletter, May 1971, 1; “Parade Mermit Issued!,” Chicago Gay Alliance Newsletter, May 1971, 1-2; “Gay Pride: Chicago Plans,” The Advocate, 9 June 1971, 2; Bob Stanley, “Gay and Proud in Chicago,” Mattachine Midwest Newsletter, June 1971, 1, 2; Audrey Weaver, “From the Weaver,” Chicago Defender, 3 July 1971, 12; “Chicago Celebrates Gay Pride Week,” Chicago Gay Alliance Newsletter, July 1971, 4-5; “Chicago Gay Alliance Faces Changes,” Chicago Gay Alliance Newsletter, July 1971, 2; “Gay Liberation Day March,” Gay Scene (2.3), Aug. 1971, 3, 6. [P]

28 June 1971: LGBT rally and kiss-in at Federal Building in Chicago. Primary sources: Bob Stanley, “Gay and Proud in Chicago,” Mattachine Midwest Newsletter, June 1971, 1, 2. [N] [P]

June 1971: LGBT demonstration at Billy Graham Crusade at McCormick Place Convention Center in Chicago (150 participants). Primary sources: “Protesters Try to Disrupt Graham Rally,” Los Angeles Times, 9 June 1971, 12. [R]

June 1971: LGBT demonstration against Christopher’s End bar in New York. Primary sources: “Male and Female,” Gay Activist, Sept. 1971, 4. [B] [Q]

17 July 1971: Lesbian Feminists and GLF-LA demonstration against anti-lesbian discrimination at Lillian’s Restaurant (50 participants). Primary sources: Lee Wilson, “Zapping Lillian’s,” Gay Sunshine, Aug. 1971, 5; “Gay Men Join Lesbians in Demonstration at Bar,” Mother, Aug. 1971, 1; Patricia O’Donahue, letter to the editor, The Advocate, 18 Aug. 1971, 22; Susan Helenius, letter to the editor, The Advocate, 1 Sept. 1971, 25. [B]

24 July 1971: Society for Individual Rights of Ohio parade and rally at Ohio State House in Columbus (14 participants). Primary sources: “Ohioans Brave Rain, March on Capitol,” The Advocate, 18 Aug. 1971, 10. [N]

25 July 1971: GAA-NY march and demonstration in Greenwich Village to protest police raids on gay bars (1000 participants). Primary sources: Laurie Johnston, “Christopher Street: From Farm to Gay Center,” The New York Times, 26 July 1971, 27; David Bear, “Raids Reveal Hustler Bars, Mafia Linked,” The Advocate, 18 Aug. 1971, 1, 3; “Ired Village Gays Demand City Donate Social Center,” The Advocate, 18 Aug. 1971, 3; “1,000 N.Y. Gays Protest Syndicate, Police,” Gay Liberator, Sept. 1971, 8. [O]

30 July 1971: Kalos Society demonstration to police headquarters and City Hall in Bridgeport (150-200 participants). Primary sources: “Homosexual Protest,” Washington Post, 1 Aug. 1971, A7; “Angry Mob Attacks Festive Gays; Woman Badly Beaten,” GAY, 30 Aug. 1971, 1; David Doyle, “Kalos Group Hits Back at Hostility,” The Advocate, 1 Sept. 1971, 1, 3; “Kalos Offers Its Evidence in Bridgeport,” The Advocate, 15 Sept. 1971, 2; “In Response,” Gay Activist, Sept. 1971, 10. [O] [N]

July 1971: LGBT demonstration at Billy Graham Crusade at Oakland Coliseum in California (22 participants). Primary sources: “Graham, God, & Rent-A-Kops,” Berkeley Barb, 30 July 1971, 2; “Bill Graham Superstar: Who in the Hell Do You Think You Are?!” Berkeley Tribe, 30 July 1971, 3. [R]

1 August 1971: DOB-NY, Gay Women’s Liberation Front, and GAA-NY demonstration at Kooky’s. Primary sources: Randy Wicker, “Bar Zap Turns into Cocktail Party,” GAY, 5 July 1971, 3, 13; “‘Syndicate’ Lesbian Bar Zapped by N.Y. DOB,” The Advocate, 1 Sept. 1971, 2; “New York DOB Hold Demonstration against Bar Policy,” Mother, Sept. 1971, 6; “Male and Female,” Gay Activist, Sept. 1971, 4. [B] [Q]

6 August 1971: GAA-NY zap, sit-in, and kiss-in to protest antigay discrimination at Young Men’s Christian Association (75-170 participants). Primary sources: Richard C. Wandel, “Wild Melee at the YMCA,” GAY, 13 Sept. 1971, 1, 6; Leo Skir, “A Friendly Chat with the Y’s Director,” GAY, 13 Sept. 1971, 8; “The GAA and the YMCA,” Mattachine Times, Sept. 1971, 13; “A Word to the Y’s,” Gay Activist, Sept. 1971, 3, 10. [R]

22 August 1971: GAA-NY and GAA-Long Island demonstration against police harassment at county police headquarters in Hauppauge (75 participants, 1 arrest). Primary sources: “Long Island Brutality Stirs Huge GAA Zap,” The Advocate, 15 Sept. 1971, 1, 9; Richard C. Wandel, “Activists Beaten/Clubbed by L.I. Police,” GAY, 27 Sept. 1971, 1, 8; “Brutality—Suffolk Style,” Gay Activist, Sept. 1971, 1, 8-9, 13; Phil Katz, “A Natural Up,” Gay Activist, Oct. 1971, 5; Guy Charles, “Long Island Arrests Touch of Protests, New Probe Promises,” The Advocate, 12 Dec. 1971, 2, 5. [O]

27 August 1971: GAA-NY and GAA-Long Island demonstration against police harassment and violence at Suffolk County Courthouse in Riverhead (200 participants). Primary sources: “Long Island Brutality Stirs Huge GAA Zap,” The Advocate, 15 Sept. 1971, 1, 9; Richard C. Wandel, “Activists Beaten/Clubbed by L.I. Police,” GAY, 27 Sept. 1971, 1, 8; “Brutality—Suffolk Style,” Gay Activist, Sept. 1971, 1, 8-9, 13; Guy Charles, “Long Island Arrests Touch of Protests, New Probe Promises,” The Advocate, 12 Dec. 1971, 2, 5. [O] [N]

3 September 1971: Kalos Society demonstration against anti-lesbian discrimination at LaRosa Park West bar in Hartford (10 arrests). Primary sources: “Pickets Brave Wind, Rain over Bar’s Rule for Women,” The Advocate, 29 Sept. 1971, 4. [B]

23 September 1971: GLF-Gainesville demonstration at police department (25 participants). Primary sources: “Floridians Picket Police; Charge Gays Harassed,” The Advocate, 27 Oct. 1971, 1. [O]

30 September 1971: GAA-NY march to home of City Councilman Saul Sharison (100-300 participants). Primary sources: “500 Homosexuals Stage A Protest,” New York Times, 3 Oct. 1971, 66; “Two Zaps, Scandal Hints Get New York Hearing Date,” The Advocate, 27 Oct. 1971, 1, 22; “Intro 475 Now!” Gay Activist, Oct. 1971, 1, 2; “Reluctant N.Y. Councilman Again Target of Gays Seeking Action on Intro 475,” The Advocate, 17 Jan. 1973, 18. [E]

3 October 1971: GAA-NY march to home of City Councilman Saul Sharison (500-1000 participants; 6-10 arrests). Primary sources: “500 Homosexuals Stage A Protest,” New York Times, 3 Oct. 1971, 66; “6 from GAA Found Guilty of Trespass,” The Advocate, 10 Nov. 1971, 2; David Jones, “A Day in Court—The Sharison Six,” Gay Activist, Nov. 1971, 3; ; “Two Zaps, Scandal Hints Get New York Hearing Date,” The Advocate, 27 Oct. 1971, 1, 22; “Intro 475 Now!” Gay Activist, Oct. 1971, 1, 2; Ernest Peter Cohen, “475: A Gay Odyssey,” Gay Activist, Mar. 1972, 3, 8, 10, 21, 22; “Reluctant N.Y. Councilman Again Target of Gays Seeking Action on Intro 475,” The Advocate, 17 Jan. 1973, 18. [E]

13 October 1971: GAA-SF zap at Pacific Telephone. Primary sources: “Battle for a ‘Homophile’ Phone Listing,” San Francisco Chronicle, 9 Sept. 1968, 36; D. C. and R. S., “Ma Bell Gets Yellow Suit,” Vector¸ Oct. 1968, 5, 29; Larry Littlejohn, “The President’s Corner,” Vector, Oct. 1968, 7; Del Martin, “Don’t Look in the Yellow Pages…Yet,” The Ladder, Dec. 1968, 30; “SIR vs. PT&T,” Vector, Mar. 1969, 6; “Homosexuals vs. Phone Firm Again,” San Francisco Chronicle, 15 Apr. 1969, 2; “Organized Women vs. Homosexuals,” San Francisco Chronicle, 16 Apr. 1969, 2; “Gays Flex Muscles,” Berkeley Barb, 18 Apr. 1969, 21; “Across the Editor’s Desk,” Vector, Apr. 1969, 6; “Cross Currents,” The Ladder, Oct. 1969, 31-32; “Yellow Pages Reject Homophile Groups,” Washington Post, 3 Dec. 1969, A7; “Yellow Pages Reject ‘Homo Phile Listing,” GAY, 31 Dec. 1969, 3; “Gay Telephone Listings?—P.U.C. Prejudice Charged,” Vector, Jan. 1970, 8; “California PUC Denies Gay Yellow Pages Listing,” Los Angeles Advocate, Feb. 1970, 5, 13; “Gays Lose Court Battle on ‘Homophile’ Phone List,” Los Angeles Advocate, 16 Sept. 1970, 2; “State Agency Upholds Pacific Telephone’s Rejection of SIR Ad,” The Advocate, 8 Jan. 1971, 2; “New Try on Phone Listing Cites Magnolia Thunderpussy,” The Advocate, 3 Feb. 1971, 1, 12; “High Court Takes Phone Case,” The Advocate, 21 July 1971, 15; “Ma Bell Gives in to SIR—But Gays Want It To Be Legal,” The Advocate, 1 Sept. 1971, 6; “Phone Company to Be Zapped,” The Advocate, 29 Sept. 1971, 6; “Won’t Hire Gay, Says ‘Ma Bell,’ But…,” The Advocate, 10 Nov. 1971, 5; George Mendenhall, “S.F. Rights Commission Takes on Ma Bell,” The Advocate, 30 July 1975, 4, 13. [B]

15 October-30 November 1971: GLF-DC, GAA-DC, MSW, and MCC-DC demonstrations against anti-trans, racist, and sexist discrimination at Lost and Found in DC (15-20 participants). Primary sources: ; “D.C. Health Club under Attack,” GAY, 25 Oct. 1971, 1, 16; Perrin Shaffer and Randy Dowling, “Gay Racial Controversy Rages in Nation’s Capitol,” GAY, 22 Nov. 1971, 6; “Washington Pickets Says Bar Bans Blacks,” The Advocate, 24 Nov. 1971, 6; Cliff Witt, letter to the editor, GAY, 20 Dec. 1971, 16; “Picketed Washington Bar Opens Negotiations,” The Advocate, 22 Dec. 1971, 9; “Compromise Settles D.C. Bar Bias Dispute,” The Advocate, 26 Apr. 1972, 19; Perrin Shaffer, “D.C. Bar Settles Dispute,” GAY, 1 May 1972, 3. [B] [B] [B] [B] [B] [B] [B] [B] [B] [B] [B] [B] [Q] [Q] [Q] [Q] [Q] [Q] [Q] [Q] [Q] [Q] [Q] [Q]

19 October 1971: Chicago Gay Christian Activists demonstration at St. Sebastian’s Church. Primary sources: “Mass for Gays Draws Criticism,” The Advocate, 24 Nov. 1971, 6. [R]

22-23 October 1971: Gay prisoners’s riot in the New York City House of Detention for Men. Primary sources: “GAA Probes Possible ‘Gay Attica’ in N.Y.C.,” The Advocate, 24 Nov. 1971, 2; “Gay Inmates at Tombs Riot,” Gay Activist, Nov. 1971, 1, 15; “Chaplaincy for Gays in N.Y.’s ‘Tombs,’” The Advocate, 19 Jan. 1972, 8; “Gay Prisoners Riot,” Gay Liberator, Jan. 1972, 5. [J] [J]

23 October 1971: GAA San Francisco demonstration at Beaux Arts Ball at the Hilton Hotel (17 participants). Primary sources: “GAA Pickets Slap SIR, Tavern Guild,” The Advocate, 24 Nov. 1971, 9. [B] [Q]

28 October 1971: GAA-NY and DOB-NY demonstration at police station to protest police arrests at DOB-NY dance (75 participants, 3 arrests). Primary sources: “DOB Busted,” Mattachine Times, Oct. 1971, 18; “N.Y. DOB Raided,” GAY, 8 Nov. 1971, 12; “DOB Harassed by 9^th Precinct,” Gay Activist, Nov. 1971, 4. [O]

30 October 1971: GAA-Philadelphia, RL-Philadelphia, HAL, and Homosexual Information Service demonstrations at campaign headquarters of mayoral candidates Thacher Longstreth and Frank Rizzo (20 participants). Primary sources: Homosexual Groups Picket 2 Candidates,” Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, 31 Oct. 1971, 9. [E] [E]

6 November 1971: GLF-LA, GLF San Diego, and Lesbian Feminists participation in antiwar march from MacArthur Park to City Hall in Los Angeles (150 participants). Primary sources: “Gays Vital to Peace Drive,” Kight Says,” The Advocate, 8 Dec. 1971, 13. [I]

6 November 1971: Chicago Gay Alliance, Mattachine Midwest, RL Chicago, and GLF Chicago participation in antiwar rally (30 participants). Primary sources: “Peace Rally Told It’s Time to Aid Gays,” The Advocate, 8 Dec. 1971, 15; “Less Talk—More Action,” Chicago Gay Alliance Newsletter, Dec. 1971, 11. [I]

6 November 1971: GAA-NY participation in National Peace Action Coalition antiwar march and rally (75-300 participants). Primary sources: “Peace Rally Includes Gays,” GAY, 6 Dec. 1971, 6; “Owles Warns Gays Tired of Being Used,” The Advocate, 8 Dec. 1971, 24. [I]

6 November 1971: LGBT participation in San Francisco antiwar demonstration (1000 participants). Primary sources: Gerald Jacks and Dorothy Dillon, letter to the editor, The Advocate, 5 Jan. 1972, 32. [I]

9 November 1971: LGBT participation in demonstration at Nixon dinner at Chicago Hilton. Primary sources: “Less Talk—More Action,” Chicago Gay Alliance Newsletter, Dec. 1971, 11. [E] [B]

15 November 1971: LGBT demonstration at Federal Building in Chicago (200 participants). Primary sources: “Less Talk—More Action,” Chicago Gay Alliance Newsletter, Dec. 1971, 11. [N]

20 November 1971: Detroit Gay Activists demonstration at Hudson Co. in Detroit. Primary sources: “Hudson’s Has A Gift for You,” Gay Liberator, Jan. 1972, 3; Dennis Lambiris, “Your Worst Fears Can Come True,” Gay Liberator, Feb. 1972, 3; “Store Guards in Detroit Attack Gay Demonstrators,” The Advocate, 1 Mar. 1972, 11; “Sometimes We Need to Be Reminded: Zapping Hudson’s,” Gay Liberator, Mar. 1972, 1. [B]

21 November 1971: Gay Community Alliance and HELP demonstration at police station in Los Angeles (60-75 participants). Primary sources: “LAPD Target of Rights Complaint,” The Advocate, 24 Nov. 1971, 3; “L.A. Demonstration Set,” The Advocate, 24 Nov. 1971, 3; Donald Warman, “Los Angeles Police Chief Draws Community Anger,” GAY, 20 Dec. 1971, 1, 8; “Councilman Asks LAPD Hear Gays,” The Advocate, 22 Dec. 1971, 2, 5; “LAPD Target of New Drive for Gay Rights,” The Advocate, 22 Dec. 1971, 3, 14; The Advocate, 5 Jan. 1972, 27. [O]

23 November 1971: University of Chicago Gay Liberation zap of Illinois gubernatorial candidate Thomas Foran at the University of Chicago (30 participants, 4 arrests). Primary sources: “Candidate Zap Gets Four Beaten, Arrested,” The Advocate, 22 Dec. 1971, 9; “Being Gay Is A Bust,” Chicago Gay Alliance Newsletter, Dec. 1971, 7; “Gays Freed after Arrest at Rally,” The Advocate, 16 Feb. 1972, 28. [E] [U]

23 November 1971: GAA-Long Island and GAA-New York demonstration at Hauppage courthouse (150 participants). Primary sources: Guy Charles, “Long Island Arrests Touch of Protests, New Probe Promises,” The Advocate, 12 Dec. 1971, 2, 5; Guy Charles, “Long Island Police Beat Gay Delegation,” The Advocate, 5 Jan. 1972, 1, 30; Nicholas Martino, “Suburban ‘Stonewall’ Shakes Long Island,” GAY, 10 Jan. 1972, 1, 6; Guy Charles, “Pair Beaten on Way to See Suffolk D.A.; ‘Set-Up’ Charged,” The Advocate, 19 Jan. 1972, 3, 10; Nicholas Martino, “Tuesday Bloody Tuesday: Suffolk Police Jump Gays,” GAY, 24 Jan. 1972, 1, 2, 3; “Suffolk Violence Continues,” Gay Activist, Feb. 1972, 9; Charles Burch, “Gay Lib & the Police: Bad Day at Hauppauge,” Village Voice, 4 May 1972, 12, 76; Bruce Gelbert, “Injustice, Suffolk Style,” Gay Activist, May 1972, 8; “3 Convicted in Long Island Incident,” The Advocate, 7 June 1972, 14; “Hauppage Three Guilty,” Mattachine Times, June 1972, 14; “Let’s Go to A Party!” GAY, 10 July 1972, 3; “Wouldn’t Let GAA Pay; Went to Jail,” The Advocate, 15 July 1972, 16; Sorel David, “An Interview with Alecto: The World’s Most Arrested Lesbian,” GAY, 24 July 1972, 9; Sorel David, “Alecto Goes to Jail,” GAY, 7 Aug. 1972, 7, 16. [N] [O]

29 November 1971: Gay Community Alliance demonstration at Barney’s Beanery in Los Angeles (15 participants). Primary sources: “‘Fagots’ Stay Out? Ho, Hum,” The Advocate, 22 Dec. 1971, 7. [B]

4 December 1971: Detroit Gay Activists march for sex law reform from Reutter Park to the State Capitol in Lansing, Michigan (150 participants). Primary sources: “A Statewide Demonstration,” Gay Liberator, Nov. 1971, 1; Chris Winslow, “March on Lansing,” Gay Liberator, Jan. 1972, 1, 9; Raymond West, “Repeal All Anti-Gay Laws,” Gay Liberator, Jan. 1972, 9. [N]

9 December 1971: GAA-Philadelphia demonstration against psychiatrist Samuel Hadden at LaSalle College. Primary sources: “Philadelphia Group Hits ‘Sick’ Talk,” The Advocate, 5 Jan. 1972, 4. [S] [U]

14 December 1971: GAA-NY and GAA-Long Island protest against police violence at Suffolk County District Attorney’s office (25-27 participants, 3 arrests). Primary sources: Primary sources: Guy Charles, “Long Island Police Beat Gay Delegation,” The Advocate, 5 Jan. 1972, 1, 30; Nicholas Martino, “Suburban ‘Stonewall’ Shakes Long Island,” GAY, 10 Jan. 1972, 1, 6; Guy Charles, “Pair Beaten on Way to See Suffolk D.A.; ‘Set-Up’ Charged,” The Advocate, 19 Jan. 1972, 3, 10; Nicholas Martino, “Tuesday Bloody Tuesday: Suffolk Police Jump Gays,” GAY, 24 Jan. 1972, 1, 2; “Suffolk Violence Continues,” Gay Activist, Feb. 1972, 9; “Police Riot—20 Gays Hurt,” Gay Liberator, Feb. 1972, 2; Charles Burch, “Gay Lib & the Police: Bad Day at Hauppauge,” Village Voice, 4 May 1972, 12, 76; Bruce Gelbert, “Injustice, Suffolk Style,” Gay Activist, May 1972, 8; “Hauppage Three Guilty,” Mattachine Times, May 1972, 14; “3 Convicted in Long Island Incident,” The Advocate, 7 June 1972, 14; “Let’s Go to A Party!” GAY, 10 July 1972, 3; “Wouldn’t Let GAA Pay; Went to Jail,” The Advocate, 15 July 1972, 16; Sorel David, “An Interview with Alecto: The World’s Most Arrested Lesbian,” GAY, 24 July 1972, 9; Sorel David, “Alecto Goes to Jail,” GAY, 7 Aug. 1972, 7, 16. [N] [O]

17-24 December 1971: Gay Community Alliance, HELP, and MCC demonstrations against police brutality in Los Angeles (200 participants). Primary sources: “Councilman Asks LAPD Hear Gays,” The Advocate, 22 Dec. 1971, 2, 5; “LAPD Target of New Drive for Gay Rights,” The Advocate, 22 Dec. 1971, 3, 14; “Yuletide Demonstration Seeks Ouster of L.A. Police Chief,” The Advocate, 5 Jan. 1972, 3, 6; “2 More L.A. Councilmen Back Police Liaison Call,” The Advocate, 19 Jan. 1972, 2, 7; “Police Board Says ‘No,’” The Advocate, 19 Jan. 1972, 2; “Davis Explains Why He Can’t Talk to Gays,” The Advocate, 19 Jan. 1972, 2, 7; “L.A. Police Board Adopts Citizen Grip Hearings,” The Advocate, 19 Jan. 1972, 7; “L.A. Police Board Says Gays Imagining Things,” The Advocate, 19 Jan. 1972, 11; Rob Cole, “L.A. Crackdown Disputed,” The Advocate, 19 Jan. 1972, 13, 27; “Surprising Concession,” The Advocate, 19 Jan. 1972, 13; Davie Smith, “Homosexual Groups Push Fight for Liberalized Morals Laws,” Los Angeles Times, 24 Jan. 1972, A1, A3, A24; “Victimless Crimes? No Such Things, Says Chief Davis,” The Advocate, 2 Feb. 1972, 4. [O] [O] [O] [O] [O] [O] [O] [O]

20 December 1971: Gay Community Alliance, HELP, and MCC demonstration against the Los Angeles Times. Primary sources: Leo Laurence and Rob Cole, “‘Lepers’ Get Ear of L.A.,” The Advocate, 19 Jan. 1972, 1, 4. [M]

22 December 1971: Detroit Gay Activists demonstration at Hudson Co. in Southfield. Primary sources: Dennis Lambiris, “Hudson’s Has A Gift for You,” Gay Liberator, Jan. 1972, 3; Dennis Lambiris, “Your Worst Fears Can Come True,” Gay Liberator, Feb. 1972, 3; “Store Guards in Detroit Attack Gay Demonstrators,” The Advocate, 1 Mar. 1972, 11; “Sometimes We Need to Be Reminded: Zapping Hudson’s,” Gay Liberator, Mar. 1972, 1. [B]

23 December 1971: Detroit Gay Activists demonstration at Hudson Co. in Detroit. Primary sources: Dennis Lambiris, “Hudson’s Has A Gift for You,” Gay Liberator, Jan. 1972, 3; Dennis Lambiris, “Your Worst Fears Can Come True,” Gay Liberator, Feb. 1972, 3; “Store Guards in Detroit Attack Gay Demonstrators,” The Advocate, 1 Mar. 1972, 11; “Sometimes We Need to Be Reminded: Zapping Hudson’s,” Gay Liberator, Mar. 1972, 1. [B]

24 December 1971: LGBT march in New York City (200 participants). Primary sources: Richard Wandel, “200 March in Candlelight Parade,” GAY, 1 Feb. 1971, 1, 3. [X]

30 December 1971: LGBT “dance-in” at the Poodle bar in Minneapolis (30 participants). Primary sources: “Minnesota Studies Gay Rights Case,” The Advocate, 2 Feb. 1972, 11, 25; “Rights Commissioner Takes on Lesbian Dance Case,” GAY, 7 Feb. 1972, 6.1972 [B]