Bisexual U.S. History Chronology

1892-00-00: The word "bisexual" is first used in the sense of being sexually attracted to both males and females in Charles Gilbert Chaddock's translation of Kraft-Ebing's Psychopathia Sexualis. Source: "Significant Gay Events ~ Timeline" (PDF). Gay Police Association Scotland. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 15, 2014. Retrieved March 15, 2014.

1914-00-00: The first documented appearance of bisexual characters (female and male) in an American motion picture occurred in A Florida Enchantment, by Sidney Drew. Souce:  Bisexuality in Film". glbtq. Archived from the original on 2012-10-15. Retrieved 2012-11-06.

1966-00-00: Bisexual activist Robert A. Martin (aka Donny the Punk) (née Robert Martin, 1946–1996) founded the Student Homophile League at Columbia University and New York University; in 1967 Columbia University was the first University in the United States to officially recognize a gay student group. Source: "BiNet USA". Archived from the original on 2017-09-23. Retrieved 2013-04-20.

1969-00-00: The Stonewall Rebellion, considered a key turning point in the LGBT movement, occurred at the Stonewall bar in 1969. Bar patrons, including bisexuals, stood up to the police during a raid. Source: "TIMELINE: THE BISEXUAL HEALTH MOVEMENT IN THE US". BiNetUSA. Archived from the originalon 2019-10-22. Retrieved 2012-06-09.

1970: In commemoration of the Stonewall Rebellion, the first LGBT pride march was held. Bisexual activist Brenda Howard is known as the "Mother of Pride" for her work in coordinating this march.[14][15][19][20]

1972: Bill Beasley, a bisexual veteran of the Civil Rights Movement, was the core organizer of first Los Angeles Gay Pride March and active with the Gay Liberation Front.[124]

1972: A Quaker group, the Committee of Friends on Bisexuality, issued the "Ithaca Statement on Bisexuality" supporting bisexuals.[125] The Statement, which may have been "the first public declaration of the bisexual movement" and "was certainly the first statement on bisexuality issued by an American religious assembly," appeared in the Quaker Friends Journal and The Advocate in 1972.[25][126][27] Presently Quakers have varying opinions on LGBT people and rights, with some Quaker groups more accepting than others.[127]

1974: In New York City Dr. Fritz Klein founded the Bisexual Forum, the first support group for the bisexual community.[128][129]

1977: Alan Rockway co-authored the first successful gay rights ordinance put to public vote in America, in Dade County, Florida. When Anita Bryant initiated the anti-gay "Save Our Children" campaign in response to the ordinance, Dr. Rockway conceived of and initiated a national "gaycott" of Florida orange juice. The Florida Citrus Commission canceled Ms. Bryant's million dollar contract as a result of the "gaycott".[123]

1978: Dr. Fritz Klein first described the Klein Sexual Orientation Grid (KSOG), which attempts to measure sexual orientation by expanding upon the earlier Kinsey scale, in his 1978 book The Bisexual Option.[130][131][132][133]

1979: A. Billy S. Jones, a founding member of National Coalition of Black Lesbians and Gays, helped organize the first Black gay delegation to meet with President Carter's White House staff. Jones was also a core organizer of the 1979 National March on Washington for Lesbian and Gay Rights, and was a key organizer for "Third world conference: When will the ignorance end?" the first national gay and lesbian people of color conference.[123]

1979: Dr. Marvin Colter and John Soroczak co-founded Arete, The Bisexual Center of Southern California in Whittier, CA, a support and social group for bisexuals.[23]

1983: The Boston Bisexual Women's Network, the oldest existing bisexual women's group, was founded in 1983 and began publishing their bi-monthly newsletter, BI Women. It is the longest-existing bisexual newsletter in the US.[13]

1983: BiPOL, the first and oldest bisexual political organization, was founded in San Francisco by Autumn Courtney, Lani Ka'ahumanu, Arlene Krantz, David Lourea, Bill Mack, Alan Rockway, and Maggi Rubenstein.[13]

1984: BiPOL sponsored the first bisexual rights rally, which was held outside the Democratic National Convention in San Francisco. The rally featured nine speakers from civil rights groups allied with the bisexual movement.[13]

1984: A. Billy S. Jones helped organize the first federally funded national "AIDS in the Black Community Conference" in Washington, D.C.[124]

1984: The First East Coast Conference on Bisexuality (which was also the first regional bisexual conference in the US) was held at the Storrs School of Social Work at the University of Connecticut, with about 150 people participating.[13]

1985: The Bisexual Resource Center (BRC) was founded.[134]

1985: Cynthia Slater (1945-1989), an early outspoken bisexual and HIV positive woman, organized the first Women's HIV/AIDS Information Switchboard.[124]

1986: BiPOL's Autumn Courtney was elected co-chair of San Francisco's Lesbian Gay Freedom Day Pride Parade Committee; she was the first openly bisexual person to hold this sort of position in the United States.[13]

1987: Veneita Porter, director of the New York State Office of AIDS Discrimination, helped design the first educational projects and trainings for state workers, hearing judges and legal staff.[124]

1987: The New York Area Bisexual Network (NYABN) was founded.[135]

1987: The East Coast Bisexual Network established the first Bisexual History Archives with Robyn Ochs' initial collection; archivist Clare Morton hosted researchers.[13]

1987: The Bay Area Bisexual Network, the oldest and largest bisexual group in the San Francisco Bay Area, was founded by Lani Ka'ahumanuAnn Justi and Maggi Rubenstein.[28]

1987: A group of 75 bisexuals marched in the Second National March on Washington for Lesbian and Gay Rights, which was the first nationwide bisexual gathering. The article "The Bisexual Movement: Are We Visible Yet?", by Lani Ka'ahumanu, appeared in the official Civil Disobedience Handbook for the March.[13] It was the first article about bisexuals and the emerging bisexual movement to be published in a national lesbian or gay publication.[32]

1988: Gary North published the first national bisexual newsletter, called Bisexuality: News, Views, and Networking.[13]

1989: In 1989 Cliff Arnesen testified before the U.S. Congress on behalf of bisexual, lesbian, and gay veteran's issues.[29] He was the first veteran to testify about bisexual, lesbian, and gay issues and the first openly non-heterosexual veteran to testify on Capitol Hill about veteran's issues in general.[29] He testified on May 3, 1989, during formal hearings held before the U.S. House Committee on Veterans Affairs: Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations.[30]

1990: The North American Bisexual Network, the first national bisexual organization, was founded. NABN would later change its name to BiNet USA.[13] It had its first meeting at the first National Bisexual Conference in America.[35][36][136] This first conference was held in San Francisco, and sponsored by BiPOL. Bisexual health was one of eight workshop tracks at the conference, and the "NAMES Project" quilt was displayed with bisexual quilt pieces. Over 450 people attended from 20 states and 5 countries, and the mayor of San Francisco sent a proclamation "commending the bisexual rights community for its leadership in the cause of social justice," and declaring June 23, 1990 Bisexual Pride Day.[13] The conference also inspired attendees from Dallas to create the first bisexual group in Texas, called BiNet Dallas.[13]

1990: Susan Carlton offered the first academic course on bisexuality in America at UC Berkeley.[123]

1990: A film with a relationship between two bisexual women, called Henry and June, became the first film to receive the NC-17 rating from the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA).[40]

1991: Psychologists Sari Dworkin and Ron Fox became the founding co-chairs of the Task Force on Bisexual Issues of Division 44, the gay and lesbian group in the American Psychological Association.[13]

1991: Liz Highleyman co-founded the Boston ACT UP IV League needle exchange, one of the first in the US.[124]

1991: The Bay Area Bisexual Network began publishing the first national bisexual quarterly magazine, Anything That Moves: Beyond The Myths Of Bisexuality, founded by Karla Rossi, who was the managing editor of the editorial collective until 1993.[13][28]

1991: One of the seminal books in the history of the modern bisexual rights movement, Bi Any Other Name: Bisexual People Speak Out, an anthology edited by Loraine Hutchins and Lani Ka'ahumanu, was published.[13]

1992: The Bisexual Connection (Minnesota) sponsored the First Annual Midwest Regional Bisexual Conference, BECAUSE (Bisexual Empowerment Conference: A Uniting, Supportive Experience).[13][41]

1992: The South Florida Bisexual Network and the Florida International University's Stonewall Students Union co-sponsored the First Annual Southeast Regional Bisexual Conference. Thirty-five people from at least four southeastern states attended.[123]

1992: Colorado voters approved by initiative an amendment to the Colorado state constitution (Amendment 2) that would have prevented any city, town, or county in the state from taking any legislative, executive, or judicial action to recognize bisexuals or gay people as a protected class.[48][49]

1992-1994: Lani Ka'ahumanu served as project coordinator for an American Foundation for AIDS Research grant awarded to Lyon-Martin Women's Health Services. This was the first grant in the U.S. to target young high risk bisexual and lesbian women for HIV/AIDS prevention/education research. She created the "Peer Safer Sex Slut Team" with Cianna Stewart.[124]

1993: Sheela Lambert wrote, produced, and hosted the first television series by and for bisexuals, called Bisexual Network. It aired for 13 weeks on NYC Public Access Cable.[13]

1993: Ron Fox wrote the first large scale research study on bisexual identity, and established and maintained a comprehensive bibliography on bi research.[124]

1993: The First Annual Northwest Regional Conference was sponsored by BiNet USA, the Seattle Bisexual Women's Network, and the Seattle Bisexual Men's Union. It was held in Seattle, and fifty-five people representing Washington, Oregon, Alaska, Montana, and British Columbia attended.[13]

1993: The March on Washington for Lesbian, Gay and Bi Equal Rights and Liberation. As a result of lobbying by BiPOL (San Francisco), openly bisexual people held key leadership roles in local and regional organizing for the March, and for the first time bisexuals were included in the title of the March. Also, Lani Ka'ahumanu spoke at the rally, and over 1,000 people marched with the bisexual group. Coinciding with the March, BiNet USA, the Bisexual Resource Center (BRC), and the Washington, DC-based Alliance of Multicultural Bisexuals (AMBi) sponsored the Second National Conference Celebrating Bisexuality in Washington, DC. Over 600 people attended from the US and Europe, making it at the time the largest Bisexual Conference ever held.[13]

1993: Ron Fox authored the first large scale research study on bisexual identity, and established and maintained a comprehensive bibliography on bi research.[13]

1996: In the Supreme Court case Romer v. Evans, the Court ruled in a 6–3 decision that the state constitutional amendment in Colorado preventing protected status based upon bisexuality or homosexuality did not satisfy the Equal Protection Clause.[49]

1997: Dr. Fritz Klein founded the Journal of Bisexuality, the first academic, quarterly journal on bisexuality.[13]

1996: Angel Fabian co-organized the National Task Force on AIDS Prevention's first Gay/Bisexual Young Men of Color Summit at Gay Men of Color Conference, Miami, Florida.[124]

1997: At an LGBT PrideFest in Connecticut in 1997, Evelyn Mantilla came out as America's first openly bisexual state official.[55][56]

1998: The first bisexual pride flag, designed by Michael Page, was unveiled on Dec 5th, 1998.[137]

1998: The American Institute of Bisexuality, a charity, was founded on July 23, 1998, by Fritz Klein M.D.[138] to promote research and education about bisexuality.[139][140]

1998: BiNet USA hosted the First National Institute on Bisexuality and HIV/AIDS.[141]

1999: The first Celebrate Bisexuality Day, also known as Bisexual Pride and Bi Visibility Day, was organized by Michael Page, Gigi Raven Wilbur, and Wendy Curry. It is now observed every September 23.[13]

1999: Dr. Fritz Klein founded the Journal of Bisexuality, the first academic, quarterly journal on bisexuality.[124]

1999: Marshall Miller founded the BiHealth Program at Fenway Community Health, the first funded bisexual-specific program targeting bisexual people and MSMW (men who have sex with men and women) and WSWM (women who have sex with men and women) who don't identify as bisexual. The program published "Safer sex for bisexuals and their partners" brochures.[124]

2000: The first anthology by bisexual people of faith, Blessed Bi Spirit (Continuum International 2000), was published. It was edited by Debra Kolodny.[142][143]

2002: Pete Chvany, Luigi Ferrer, James Green, Loraine Hutchins and Monica McLemore presented at the Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer and Intersex Health Summit, held in Boulder, Colorado, marking the first time bisexual people, transgender people, and intersex people were recognized as co-equal partners on the national level rather than gay and lesbian "allies" or tokens.[13]

2002: Robyn Ochs delivered the first bi-focused keynote during the National Association of Lesbian and Gay Addiction Professionals.[13]

2003: The Union for Reform Judaism retroactively applied its pro-rights policy on gays and lesbians to the bisexual and transgender communities, issuing a resolution titled, "SUPPORT FOR THE INCLUSION AND ACCEPTANCE OF THE TRANSGENDER AND BISEXUAL COMMUNITIES".[57]

2003: Women of Reform Judaism issued a statement describing their support for human and civil rights and the struggles of the bisexual and transgender communities, and saying, "Women of Reform Judaism accordingly: Calls for civil rights protections from all forms of discrimination against bisexual and transgender individuals; Urges that such legislation allows transgender individuals to be seen under the law as the gender by which they identify; and Calls upon sisterhoods to hold informative programs about the transgender and bisexual communities."[144]

2003: The North American Conference on Bisexuality hosted a Bi Health Summit organized by Cheryl Dobinson, Luigi Ferrer and Ron Fox, and the first Bi People of Color Summit was coordinated by Angel Fabian and Penelope Williams.[124]

2003: The Center for Sex and Culture, founded by Carol Queen and Robert Lawrence in 1994, opened its archive and sexuality research library, becoming the first public non-profit community-based space designed for adult sex education, including continuing professional education.[124]

2003: Loraine Hutchins and Linda Poelzl graduated from The Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Sexuality's first California Sexological Bodyworkers Certification Training as part of new movement of somatic erotic educators.[124]

2004: Lani Ka'ahumanu, Bobbi Keppel and the Safer Sex Sluts presented the first Safer Sex Workshop given at a joint national conference with American Society on Aging and National Association on Aging.[124]

2005: The Queens Chapter of PFLAG announced the creation of the "Brenda Howard Memorial Award".[145] This was the first time a major American LGBT organization named an award after an openly bisexual person.[146]

2006: After a multi-year campaign, a Bisexual category was added to the Lambda Literary Awards, starting with the 2006 Awards.[147]

2008-00-00: Jette, Melinda Marie, "Bisexuality." In Encyclopedia of Women in World History. General Editor, Bonnie G. Smith. New York: Oxford University Press, 2008.

2008: Kate Brown was elected as the Oregon Secretary of State in the 2008 elections, becoming America's first openly bisexual statewide officeholder.[148][149][150]

2009: In October 2009, LGBT activist Amy Andre[63] was appointed as executive director of the San Francisco Pride Celebration Committee, making her San Francisco Pride's first openly bisexual woman of color executive director.[62][64]

2011: San Francisco's Human Rights Commission released a report on bisexual visibility, titled "Bisexual Invisibility: Impacts and Regulations." This was the first time any governmental body released such a report. The report showed, among other things, that self-identified bisexuals made up the largest single population within the LGBT community in the United States. In each study included in the report, more women identified as bisexual than lesbian, though fewer men identified as bisexual than gay.[77]

2012: City Councilmember Marlene Pray joined the Doylestown, Pennsylvania council in 2012, though she resigned in 2013; she was the first openly bisexual office holder in Pennsylvania.[151][152]

2012: Kyrsten Sinema (D-AZ) became the first openly bisexual person elected to the US Congress.[153]

2012: On September 18, 2012, Berkeley, California became the first city in the U.S. to officially proclaim a day recognizing bisexuals.[154] The Berkeley City Council unanimously and without discussion declared Sept. 23 as Bisexual Pride and Bi Visibility Day.[79]

2013: On Celebrate Bisexuality Day, also known as Bisexual Pride and Bi Visibility Day, the White House held a closed-door meeting with almost 30 bisexual advocates so they could meet with government officials and discuss issues of specific importance to the bisexual community; this was the first bi-specific event ever hosted by any White House.[80][81]

2013: The Bi Writers Association, which promotes bisexual writers, books, and writing, announced the winners of its first Bisexual Book Awards.[155] An awards ceremony was held at the Nuyorican Poets Café in New York City.[155]

2013: BiLaw, the first American national organization of bisexual lawyers, law professors, law students, and their allies, was founded.[85][86]

2014: Conner Mertens of the Division III Willamette Bearcats came out as bisexual, becoming the first active college football player at any level to come out.[156][157]

2014: The Bisexual Resource Center, based in Boston, Massachusetts, declared March 2014 as the first Bisexual Health Awareness Month, with the theme "Bi the Way, Our Health Matters Too!"; it included the first social media campaign to address disparities in physical and mental health facing the bisexual community.[158]

2014: The Bisexual Research Collaborative on Health (BiRCH) was founded to search for ways to raise public awareness of bisexual health issues, as well as to continue high-level discussions of bisexual health research and plan a national (American) conference.[82][83]

2014: The book Bisexuality: Making the Invisible Visible in Faith Communities, the first book of its kind, was published.[159] It is by the American authors Marie Alford-Harkey and Debra W. Haffner.[159]

2014: BiNet USA declared the seven days surrounding Celebrate Bisexuality Day to be Bi Awareness Week, also called Bisexual Awareness Week.[160][161] The week begins the Sunday before Celebrate Bisexuality Day.[162]

2015: Kate Brown became the first openly bisexual governor in the United States, as governor of Oregon when the old governor resigned.[87][88][89]

2015: J. Christopher Neal became the first openly bisexual New York City LGBT Pride March Grand Marshal.[163]

2016: Kate Brown was elected as governor of Oregon, and thus became the first openly bisexual person elected as a United States governor (and indeed the first openly LGBT person elected as such).[93]

2017: The Department of Justice filed an amicus brief in the 2nd U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals making the argument that Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 does not prohibit discrimination against employees who are bisexual or gay.[101]

2017: The American Institute of Bisexuality provided funding for The Center for Sex Education's publication of 25 Great Lesson Plans About Sexual Orientation, which includes a number of resources and lesson plans on how to teach about bisexuality. Edited by T. Clark, T. Gilbert, K. Rayne.

2018: Megan Hunt, who was openly bisexual,[164] became the first openly LGBTQ person elected to the state legislature of Nebraska.[165]

2018: Katie Hill was elected as California’s first openly bisexual person, and first openly queer woman, to be a member of Congress.[166][167]

2018: Mike Jacobs became the first sitting judge in the United States to come out as bisexual.[168]

2018: Kyrsten Sinema became the first openly bisexual person to win a major party nomination to run for a U.S. Senate seat.[95]

2018: America's first city-wide Bi Pride event was held, in West Hollywood.[102]

2018: Kyrsten Sinema became the first openly bisexual person elected to the U.S. Senate.[94]

2019: Antonio Brown was elected as Atlanta's first openly bisexual councilman.[169]

2019: A one-day conference for bi+ people, Unico[r]n, was held on October 12, 2019, in San Francisco.[170]

2020: The first San Francisco and East Bay BiCon was held on February 1 and 2, 2020, in San Francisco and Oakland.[171]

2020: Christy Holstege became the first openly bisexual mayor in America, as mayor of Palm Springs, California.[172][173]

2020: Alex Lee became the California State Assembly’s first openly bisexual member.[174]